Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Causes, Treatments, and What You Need to Know

When your skin cells start growing out of control, it can lead to squamous cell carcinoma, a type of skin cancer that begins in the flat, scale-like cells called squamous cells. Also known as cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, it’s the second most common skin cancer after basal cell carcinoma, and it’s highly treatable if caught early. Unlike melanoma, it rarely spreads fast—but left unchecked, it can invade deeper tissue, lymph nodes, and even organs. Most cases show up on sun-exposed areas like the face, ears, neck, hands, and arms, but it can appear anywhere, even inside the mouth or on the genitals.

This isn’t just about sunburns. Long-term exposure to UV radiation, from sunlight or tanning beds is the biggest risk factor. But other things matter too: chronic wounds, burns, HPV infections, and immune suppression from drugs like those used after organ transplants. People with fair skin, a history of sun damage, or those who work outdoors are at higher risk. It’s not rare—over 2 million cases are diagnosed in the U.S. each year. And while it’s usually not deadly, it can be disfiguring or dangerous if ignored.

Treatment depends on size, location, and how deep it’s grown. For small, early cases, simple procedures like freezing, scraping, or topical creams often work. Larger or aggressive tumors might need surgery, radiation, or even chemotherapy, used when the cancer has spread beyond the skin. Some newer treatments target specific genetic changes in the tumor. The key is not waiting for it to bleed, crust, or grow. If a spot won’t heal after a few weeks, looks scaly or raised, or changes color, get it checked. Skin checks aren’t just for moles—they’re for any weird patch that doesn’t go away.

The posts below cover real-world connections: how medications can weaken your skin’s defenses, what drugs affect your immune system and increase cancer risk, how side effects from treatments like chemotherapy impact daily life, and how to spot early signs before they become serious. You’ll find practical advice on monitoring your skin, understanding treatment trade-offs, and managing long-term risks—not just theory, but what people actually experience.